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parasitic disease
A parasitic disease is an infectious disease caused or transmitted by a parasite. Many parasites do not cause diseases. Parasitic diseases can affect practically all living organisms, including plants and mammals. The study of parasitic diseases is called parasitology. The share of parasitic diseases account for about 14 000 000 deaths per year, representing 25% of global mortality - one in four deaths according to the WHO.
Some parasites like ''Toxoplasma gondii and Plasmodium'' spp. can cause disease directly, but other organisms can cause disease by the toxins that they produce.
==Terminology==
Although organisms such as bacteria function as parasites, the usage of the term "parasitic disease" is usually more restricted. The three main types of organisms causing these conditions are protozoa (causing protozoan infection), helminths (helminthiasis), and ectoparasites.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=About Parasites | CDC DPD )〕 Protozoa and helminths are usually endoparasites (usually living inside the body of the host), while ectoparasites usually live on the surface of the host. Occasionally the definition of "parasitic disease" is restricted to diseases due to endoparasites.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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